Western v.s. Eastern Philosophy [debate]

Thales (636 BC, Miletus), first reductionnist philosopher and first Western philosopher, proposed that all things are made of water.

Pythagoras (485 BC, Thrace), father of relativism, arguably the most celebrated sophist of all, proposed that "man is the measure of all things".

Zeno (490 BC, Elea) is first philosopher to employ reductio ad absurdum to prove that reality was composed of unchanging oneness.

Socrates (469 BC, Alopece) developed of the Socratic method to unveil the absolute truth of a matter.

Plato (428 BC, Athens), Socrates’ student, argued that perceptions of things are analogous to ideal knowledge in high realms.

Aristotle (384 BC, Stagira), Plato’s student, explained that there are 4 causes of things: material, formal, efficient and final; and the final for human is eudaimonia (happiness).

Lucretius (94 BC) determined that the universe was infinite using his thought experiment.

Ockham (1285), argued that the simplest explanation should be preferred.

Bacon (1561, London) promoted induction through his argument that careful observation of nature and its way will restore to man a mastery of nature.

Descartes (1596, France),was part of the Enlightenment movement that encouraged the agnostics, used the method of doubt to concluded that the only truth is cogito ergo sum (I think therefore I am).

Hume (1711, Edinburgh) condemned all knowledge without abstract or experimental reasoning to the flames.  

Reid (1710, Kincardine) defended common-sense (even without abstract or experimental reasoning) as it keeps our mind sane.

Rousseau (1712, Geneva) claimed in his fiction “The Social Contract” that human exchanged their natural rights to bogus civic rights, which created all the unhappiness.

Kant (1724, Prussia) wished to strike new path between rationalism and empiricism, and argued that essence of things remains unknowable to human and pure knowledge is pure human knowledge (because of language and perception).

Bentham (1748, London), first utilitarian, took a hedonistic definition of utility and argued that morality is to maximize pleasure for the greatest number of people.

Hegel (1770, Stuttgart) had intuition on the oneness of the universe and argued that all progress is achieved through conflicts of opposite (synthesis of thesis and antithesis).

Neitzsche (1844, German) proposed that all truth that we have discovered or wrote are products of our desire to take power and decision, creating an existential nihilistic view that is faithful to the Will of Power.

Wittgenstein (1889, Vienna) argued that philosophy is limited by language, and developed the picture theory, saying the meaning of something always lies outside of that thing.

Popper (1902, Vienna), nicknamed by his student “totalitarian liberal”, saw that theories that stand the risk of being falsified persist.

Ryle (1900, Brighton) saw that things like the mind is phenomenon that emerged from a complex organization with some pattern.

Turing (1912, London) argued that consciousness is the manipulation/computation of symbol in a meaningful way to oneself.

Dawkins (1941, Kenya) argued that ideas, similar to genes, are memes infecting our mind like virus.

Derrida (1930, Algiers) developed deconstruction which is reading a text while being attentive to words and concepts that may not deliver their intended meaning.